Long‐term effectiveness of a nurse‐led smoking cessation clinic at a comprehensive cancer center
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Purpose
Smoking cessation interventions should be promoted in cancer centers to improve clinical outcomes among cancer patients and the quality of life of cancer-free patients and survivors. The aim of the present study was to examine long-term abstinence (1, 3, and 5 years) among smokers who received an intensive nurse-led smoking cessation intervention.
Design
A prospective follow-up study was conducted in a smoking cessation clinic in Barcelona.
Methods
The study included 479 smokers who received a nurse-led smoking cessation intervention that included motivational interviewing, psychological support, behavioral change counseling, promotion of smoke-free policies, and relapse-prevention strategies, as well as pharmacotherapy if necessary, for 12 months. We calculated overall and sex-specific 1-, 3-, and 5-year abstinence probabilities (Kaplan–Meier curves) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of relapse with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox regression.
Findings
The overall probability of abstinence at 1 and 5 years was 0.561 (95% CI: 0.516–0.606) and 0.364 (95% CI: 0.311–0.417), respectively. Females had a higher, but not significant, hazard ratio for relapse compared to males (aHR = 1.180; 95% CI: 0.905–1.538). Attending <5 visits was the most remarkable determinant of relapsing compared to attending 5–9 visits or ≥10 visits, both overall and by sex (p for trend: overall, p < 0.001; males, p = 0.007; and females, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Abstinence probability decreased over the 5-year follow-up but was relatively high. Males had higher abstinence rates than females in all follow-up periods. Completeness of the intensive intervention was the main predictor of cessation.
Clinical Relevance
Smoking cessation interventions should consider sex and incorporate strategies to increase adherence to obtain higher long-term abstinence rates.
Smoking cessation interventions should be promoted in cancer centers to improve clinical outcomes among cancer patients and the quality of life of cancer-free patients and survivors. The aim of the present study was to examine long-term abstinence (1, 3, and 5 years) among smokers who received an intensive nurse-led smoking cessation intervention.
Design
A prospective follow-up study was conducted in a smoking cessation clinic in Barcelona.
Methods
The study included 479 smokers who received a nurse-led smoking cessation intervention that included motivational interviewing, psychological support, behavioral change counseling, promotion of smoke-free policies, and relapse-prevention strategies, as well as pharmacotherapy if necessary, for 12 months. We calculated overall and sex-specific 1-, 3-, and 5-year abstinence probabilities (Kaplan–Meier curves) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of relapse with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox regression.
Findings
The overall probability of abstinence at 1 and 5 years was 0.561 (95% CI: 0.516–0.606) and 0.364 (95% CI: 0.311–0.417), respectively. Females had a higher, but not significant, hazard ratio for relapse compared to males (aHR = 1.180; 95% CI: 0.905–1.538). Attending <5 visits was the most remarkable determinant of relapsing compared to attending 5–9 visits or ≥10 visits, both overall and by sex (p for trend: overall, p < 0.001; males, p = 0.007; and females, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Abstinence probability decreased over the 5-year follow-up but was relatively high. Males had higher abstinence rates than females in all follow-up periods. Completeness of the intensive intervention was the main predictor of cessation.
Clinical Relevance
Smoking cessation interventions should consider sex and incorporate strategies to increase adherence to obtain higher long-term abstinence rates.
Date Issued
2023-05-01
Date Acceptance
2023-02-22
Citation
Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2023, 55 (3), pp.681-691
ISSN
0363-2792
Publisher
Wiley
Start Page
681
End Page
691
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Nursing Scholarship
Volume
55
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Nursing Scholarship published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Sigma Theta Tau International. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2023-03-14